| To observe the risk factors associated with carotid atherosclerosis occurred in high risk populations of stroke. Methods:To select 8,045 high risk cases of stroke from Puhuangyu, Wangzuo, Huaxiang and Fangzhuang community health service centers who enrolled from April 2012 to April 2013. The patients were divided into groups with and without carotid intima media thickening, with and without plaque, then were compared to observe the distribution of risk factors. The group with carotid intima media thickening or formation of plaque were divided into 3 groups according to risk factors as smoking, hypertension and diabetes. The three groups are: a group that simultaneously exposed to the three risk factors, a group exposed to two risk factors and a group that exposed to no risk factors. Besides, patients with formation of plague were also divided into three groups as above, and the risk factors were compared. Results:Univariate analysis: formation of carotid artery intima media thickening and plaques were positively associated with age, history of stroke, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, coronary heart disease, physical activity and were negatively associated with education level, family history of stroke, dietary habits of eating fruits. Intima media thickening also negatively correlated with TIA and eating vegetables. Plaque formation also positively associated with alcohol consumption, milk or yogurt eating and negatively associated with significantly overweight and valvular heart disease. Multivariate analysis: formation of carotid artery intima media thickening and plaques were positively correlated with the level of education and were negatively correlated with age, stroke, diabetes, smoking and physical activity. Intimal thickening was negatively correlated with drinking habits and positively correlated with significantly overweight. Plaque formation was positively correlated with drinking high spirits. TCM symptoms analysis: comparison among groups presenting different symptoms. Syndromes analysis: the situation of phlegm, endogenous fire were significantly different in comparison of intima media thickening crowd, and the situation of qi deficiency were significantly different between patients exposed to three risk factors and exposed to no factors. The situation of phlegm, endogenous fire were different within the groups of plaque formation crowd. Conclusion:Smoking, hypertension, diabetes and other risk factors was crucial in carotid intima media thickening and plaque formation. Through controlling these risk factors, it is able to prevent stoke at an early stage. |
