To investigate how metabolic syndrome due to phlegm-dampness accumulation is related to adiponectin, superoxide dismutase(SOD), and blood lipid, aiming to find out objective evidences in support of differentiation of metabolic syndrome and better guide clinical treatment.Methods:Forty-nine patients with metabolic syndrome were differentiated as phlegm-dampness accumulation (n=25) and non-accumulation (n=24), compared with 20 healthy persons. Levels of adiponectin, SOD, blood fat were detected respectively. Results:Levels of adiponectin and SOD were significantly lower in metabolic syndrome patients than in the healthy population. Adiponectin level was lower in the accumulation group than in the non- accumulation group. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome patients presented low level of adiponectin. Adiponectin is closely related to the syndrome of phlegm-dampness accumulation, thus could be an objective evidence for syndrome differentiation and efficacy evaluation.