‘Disharmony between the heart and the kidney’ theory is important to the Visceral manifestation theory of Chinese medicine, and is also important in clinical treatment. The most common cause of insomnia is ‘Disharmony between the heart and the kidney’, which is a guiding principle in clinical prescription of the sedative herbals. In this paper, several well-known Sedative herbal prescriptions are described to explain ‘Disharmony between the heart and the kidney’ theory, such as Jiaotai Prescription Pills, Zhuque Prescription Pills, Wild Jujube Seed Decoction, and Emperor of Heavens Special Pill to Tonify the Heart, Cinnabar Sedative Pills and so on. At the same time modern pharmacological research proved that sedative herbals are closely related to ‘four aspects’ of the theory. We will see how basic theories of Chinese medicine to be guiding principle for clinic treatment.