To observe the effect of Xiaozhiling injection in combination with Chinese herbal fumigation for the treatment of rectal prolapse. Methods: Sixty patients with rectal prolapsed were randomized to the treatment group (30 cases), treated with Xiaozhiling Injection and Chinese herbal fumigation, and the control group (30 cases), treated with Xiaozhiling Injection only. The two groups were compared in terms of defecation frequency, defecation time, anal heavy feeling, sense of rectum emptying, anal microscopy, length of stay, hospital costs and overall efficacy before and after treatment. Results: The treatment group was significantly better than the control group at relieving anal heavy feeling, the sense of rectum emptying, anal microscopy and overall efficacy, and the difference was not significant for other parameters. Conclusion: Xiaozhiling injection in combination with Chinese herbal fumigation is clinically effective to treat rectal prolaps, thus worthy of clinical application.