To study the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) constitution and essential hypertension (EH) in civil servants. Methods:A total of 3700 civil servants participated in the examination were randomly sampled from 2010 to 2011, Questionnaire on TCM constitution was performed in 174 cases of EH for clinical investigation according to the classification method of “classification and determination of constitution in TCM”. And the comparative Study of the relevant factors on phlegm-dampness constitution and non-phlegm-dampness constitution of EH was done. Results:Phlegm-dampness constitution was the most biased constitution in the civil servants crowd of EH(21.84%). Phlegm-dampness constitution BMI was significantly higher than that of non-phlegm-dampness constitution, and Phlegm-dampness group HDL was significantly lower than that of non-Phlegm-dampness group, the difference was statistically significant（P<0.01）.Conclusion:Phlegm dampness constitution is the main risk factor in civil servants of EH. High weight is a major cause of EH phlegm-dampness constitution. The intervention for Phlegm-dampness constitution of EH is mainly through the management of the index weight of health, so as to effceively prevent the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.