Traditional Chinese medicine theories on eyes emphasized the relevance between eye and the whole body. This article reviewed theories on eyes, mysterious mansion theory, liver orifice theory, five wheels and eight belts theory, and it also summarized origin, development, application and later clinical practice of them. All the above theories emphasized the close relation between physiological and pathological conditions of local organs and the conditions of the whole body. Hence, the article brought forth a TCM syndrome differentiation way of combining local organ differentiation with whole body differentiation when treating dispersion-thirst disease with eye disease.