To explore the effects of Shenmai-mixture on tear secretion and the ocular surface structure of rabbit dry eye model. Methods:Thirty healthy New Zealand white rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups: control group, experimental control group and drug-treated group. After the rabbit dry eye model was established, the control group were not interfered, the experimental control group received saline intragastric administration, the drug treatment group received Shenmai mixture intragastric administration. On day 0,7,14,21 and 28, Schirmer test, tear break-up time(BUT), fluorescein staining of the ocular surface were measured and conjunctival impression cytology specimens were collected. All of these were used to observe the state of the tear film and ocular surface changes. Subjects underwent conjunctival imprint cytology inspection to observe the ocular surface change in cytology. On day 28, cornea and conjunctiva were harvested for Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining, scanning observation. Results:The Schirmer test value and BUT value in drug-treated group were significantly longer than those in other two groups on day 14(P<0.01). After intragastric administration of Shenmai-mixture for 28 days,c onjunctival imprint cytology showed the conjunctival goblet cells in the drug-treated group increased significantly than the other two groups. Epithelial layers and conjunctival goblet cells increased as shown by the HE staining. Conclusion: Shenmai-mixture can be used to treat dry eyes because it increase tear secration, improves stability of tear and change the structure of ocular surface.