To explore the clinical efficacy of Naoxintong combined with Alprostadil in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathies. Methods: Ninety patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathies were randomly and evenly divided to one treatment group and one control group. Apart from conventional treatment for diabetes, patients in both treatment group and control group received Alprostadil. Patients in treatment group were also given Naoxingtong capsules. One treatment course was 14 days. The efficacy was assessed at the end of one treatment course. Results: There were 33 cases in the treatment group showing obvious therapeutic effect (73.3%). Twenty six cases in the control group showed obvious therapeutic effect (57.8%). There were statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with only using Alprostadil, Naoxintong combined with Alprostadil would better relieve symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathies and recover conductive function of nerves.