Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that mainly invades joints, especially synovial joints, and it has the main clinical manifestations of chronic and symmetrical arthritis and polyarthritis. It is a clinically common disease, and patients suffer from great pain with high disability rate. Its typical symptoms include joint pain, swelling and anemia, which is one of the most common extra-articular manifestations with incidence rate of 30%~70%.Anemia can aggravate joint symptoms, reduce the patients’ quality of life with the symptoms such as dizziness and fatigue, and will also affect the recovery of the disease. Clinical findings showed that correction of anemia would improve joint swelling, pain, muscle and strength to a certain extent. At present, researches on the field are still rare, but it is getting much attention from clinical physicians. We plan to preliminarily discuss its pathogenesis and treatment from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, so as to arouse more attention.