To investigate the effects of the optimized TCM rehabilitation protocol in treating thoracolumbar SCI. Methods: Eighty eight patients with thoracolumbar SCI were randomly divided into treatment group (n=44) and control group (n=44). Patients in the treatment group received TCM rehabilitation treatment, and the patients in the control group were given routine rehabilitation treatment. Three months was a treatment course. The outcomes including sensory function, motor function, ADL ability were measured before and after treatment. Results: The treatment group showed better results than the control group in improvement of sensory function(P=0.045), motor function (P=0.038), and ADL ability (P=0.025). Conclusion: The study shows that comprehensive and standard TCM rehabilitation protocol is effective in recovering physical function and ADL ability of patients with thoracolumbar SCI, and it is worth generalizing.