Spesis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection. Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy is a diffusive brain dysfunction induced by sepsis, which mainly manifests changes on mental stasis and motor function, including abnormal mental ability, coma, agitation, and motion reduction. Recently, studies on sepsis are getting deeper, but the reports on SAE are few. For now, there is still argument towards diagnosis criteria and there is no definitely effective treatment with good prognosis. It needs deeper studies on the pathogenesis of SAR to explore effective therapy to improve the quality of life of patients, alleviate burdens on families and society, as well as promote the clinical treatment level on serious diseases.