To determine the effective component of JapaneseFloweringFernRhizome with anti-inflammatory action.Methods：Anti-inflammatory activities of the diffident parts of JapaneseFloweringFernRhizomewere studied on the swelling mice ear induced by xylene. Results：All the polar parts of JapaneseFloweringFernRhizome had inhibitory effects on the xylene-induced mice ear swelling. N-butyl alcohol high dose group and ethyl acetate low dose group showed the similar anti-inflammatory action to that of DXM (Dexamethasor).Conclusion：Japanese Flowering Fern Rhizome has anti-inflammation effect. Ethyl acetate low dose part and N-butyl alcohol part are the effective components with anti-inflammation action.