To investigate the distribution of Zang-Fu syndromes and characteristics of “exterior-exterior ration of lung and large intestine” in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) so as to provide theoretical evidence to establishing effective clinical treatment protocol. Methods： Clinical epidemiology cross-sectional survey method was used to collect the clinical symptoms of 204 patients with ALI/ARDS. Distinguish syndrome based on Syndrome factors. Frequency distribution and correlation analysis methods were used to analyze the research data. Results： ARDS syndromes distribution involved lung, heart, liver, spleen, kidney and large intestine, showing involving characteristics of many viscera syndromes. In viscera syndromes, lung and intestine syndromes had obvious correlation, and the specific performance was that lung-qi deficiency syndrome was positively correlated with syndrome of bowel heat and repletion. The syndrome of phlegm heat obstruction was significantly correlated with syndrome of bowel heat and repletion and intestine-dryness. Conclusion： Exploring lung and large intestine syndrome distribution and the correlation feature can be used to profoundly understand the theory of “exterior-exterior ration of lung and large intestine” and provide the theoretic basis for clinical treatment.