To observe the effect of Jiangtangsanhuang (JTSH) on growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)，Smad1，Co1-Ⅳ of early diabetic nephropathy rats，and investigate its protective effect for kidney.Methods：Eighty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=11) and diabetic model group (n=69).The diabetic models were induced by lower-dosage of streptozocin (STZ) (30mg/kg).The model group was then divided into three sub-groups including early DN group，Irbesartan group (0.027 g·kg-1·d-1) and JTSH group(0.675 g·kg-1·d-1).The course of treatment lasted for 8 weeks.Rats were tested with blood glucose and weighed before dosing，4 and 8 weeks after dosing.Microalbuminuria was tested after DN model was established and before execution.Weight of all rats were measured before being executed.Immunohistochemical staining and fluorescence quota RT-PCR were used to determine smad1 and Col-Ⅳ.ELASA was used to determine TGF-β1.Results：All the rats had weight loss after being made into disease models，and JTSH and Irbesartan groups had better effect of alleviating weight/kidney weight index (P<0.01) and 24 hours urine immunohistochemical(P<0.05) compare to early DN group.JTSH Tablet had better effect in reducing blood glucose than Irbesartan and early DN groups(P<0.01).JTSH and Irbesartan groups could significantly reduce TGF-β1(P<0.01) in rats kidney.The expression of smad1 and Col-Ⅳ among DN group was significantly higher than normal group by using immunohistochemical method，but there was substantial reduction in JTSH and Irbesartan groups(P<0.01).As dye index and fluorescence quota RT-PCR results，JTSH groups could reduce gene expression of smad1 and Col-Ⅳ as well as Irbesartan.Conclusion：JTSH tablet has restrained TGF-β1/smad1 channel to deduce Col-Ⅳ in kidney，so as to delay renal glomerulus sclerosis.