To summarize and analyze the research progress on microcosmic syndrome differentiation of colorectal cancer. Methods： Electronic and manual retrieval were used to go through literatures from 2003 to 2013 in CNKI and Wan Fang DATA on microscopic syndrome differentiation of colorectal cancer. Results： Literatures on microscopic syndromes differentiation of colorectal cancer focused on several aspects of pathological type and stage, serum markers, gene and protein expression, lesion, metastasis and cachexia situation, etc. Conclusion： Because there is no acknowledged standard on the TCM syndrome differentiation of colorectal cancer, and the corresponding methods are not yet mature, the studies of colorectal cancer microscopic syndromes differentiation need to further increase the sample size and improve research techniques.