To observe the efficacy of Xuebijing Injection on mice with severe pneumonia induced by influenza A virus and to explore the pathogenesis on mice with severe pneumonia. Methods： C57BL/6 mice were random grouped into three parts including normal group,model group and Xuebijing group. Mice in normal group were given 20 μL PBS by intranasal administration,while the model group 2×105TCID50/20 μL H1N1 virus in the same method. Mice in Xuebijing group were inoculated virus as volume as model group and then given injecta intraperitoneally daily for 5days.Survival rate, weight changes, viral load, acute pulmonary edema (lung wet-to-dry ratio) and lung histopathology at different time points were measured to evalue the efficacy of Xuebijing injuection on severe influenza and to study its pathogenesis. Results： The survival rate in model group was 30% with notable weight loss.The acute lung edema calculated by wet-to-dry ratio went up clearly compared with that in model group(P<0.05). Lung histopathology of model group indicated the success of severe pneumonia mice model showing that there were diffuse Inflammatory cell infiltration, sheding and necrosis of alveolar epithelial cells, degeneration of bronchial epithelial cells，pulmonary edema and hemorrhage. The survival rate in model group was 60% superior to model group with light weight lose. Wet-to-dry ratio was alleviated in Xuebijing group,but with no statistical differences（P>0.05）.The manifestation of lung histopathology in Xuebijing group was as same as model group but the degree of lung injure in this group was eased dramaticlly. There was no difference in viral load between model group and Xuebijing group（P>0.05）.It indicated that Xuebijing had no effect on inhibiting the replication of the influenza virus.It could reduce the level of TNF-αat one and 3 days post infection（P<0.05）and the level of IL-6 of 3days infection（P<0.05）. Conclusion：Xuebijing could alleviate lung injury of severe pneumonia mice and have the tend of protecting those mice. But the protective effect was not prominent which may be related with its no effect on inhibiting virus but its regulation of some early cytokines,such as TNF-αand IL-6.