Among todays TCM theoretical fundamental research,there are four major fields including determination of syndrome standardization,the evaluation of therapeutic effect of syndrome,the syndrome material basis and the compatibility law of formula.The common and key scientific problem is to solve the syndrome of structural characterization of TCM,so as to enhance the veracity of the treatment based on syndrome differentiation and clinical effects.This research took spleen qi deficiency as an example,through the confirm of the theory of evidence results with the clinical data analysis,and revealed the structural feature of syndrome.Eventually the mathematical model of topological structure of TCM syndrome was established and the basic mathematical science of TCM theoretical system was excavated,which reflected the TCM theoretical law and clinical characteristic on the syndrome basic research,and had a vast application prospect.