To study the protective effect of the Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on liver fibrosis in rats caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).Methods:CCl4 was used to induce rat liver fibrosis model. After making the model successfully, rat serum and liver tissue were collected to test. The serum liver fiber four and hydroxyproline (HYP) content in the liver tissue was tested; HE staining of liver tissue was used to compare inflammation and degree of liver fibrosis; expression of Col-I and α-SMA with immunohistochemical method was analyzed.Results:Compared with the model group, four levels of liver fibrosis, inflammation and liver fibrosis of APS high and medium groups were obviously lower(P<0.05); HYP content of APS high and medium groups were significantly lower (P<0.01); Col-I and α-SMA expression of APS medium group was significantly lower (P<0.01); Col-I and α-SMA expression of APS high group was obviously lower (P<0.05).Conclusion:The APS is effective to some extent in preventing liver fibrosis of rat, the functional mechanism may be related to limiting the expression of Col-I and α-SMA.