Primary myelofibrosis belonged to Chinese medicine of “consumptive disease”,“accumulation disease” and “bone marrow depletion” category. Professor Deng Chengshan believed that the cause of primary myelofibrosis was the excessive consumption of ones body and spirit, so that overstrain led to disorders of internal organs. The essence of the disease was deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality. The main responsibility of deficiency was due to the asthenia of spleen and kidney. And blood stasis was the foundation of evil repletion. Stagnant blood changed into toxic pathogens after long-term accumulation, or was accompanied with dampness-heat or retained fluid. Tonification and purgation in combination was the method to treat, including promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis, resolving hard lump and invigorating spleen and kidney. On the basis of treatment according to syndrome differentiation, peach kernel, radix paeoniae rubra, radix salviae miltiorrhizae, turtle shell and other herbs were used frequently.