In recent years, studies have shown that mitochondria plays a role in several stages of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Its main mechanism involves reactive oxygen, cell apoptosis and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Traditional Chinese medicine researches using mitochondria as target point have been given a lot of attention to in recent years. The article summarizes the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine prevention of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury from the perspective of protecting mitochondria.