To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of treating high complex anal fistulae by suture dragging and catheter drainage.Methods：It was a prospective and randomized controlled trial study. In this study we enrolled 76 cases， and effective in 72 cases finally， 36 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated by incision and ligation therapy. The primary outcomes were healing time， and the damage of internal and external sphincter， meanwhile healing rate， recurrence rate， postoperative pain served as secondary indexes. The safety index was observed by Wexner scale evaluation and adverse events.Results：The healing time in the treatment group was significant shorter than that of the control group， the treatment group made significant lesser damage of internal sphincter and external sphincter than the control group. The postoperative pain on the 10th day was significant lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference were found on healing rate， recurrence rate， and evaluation at each observation point of Wexner scale between the two group (P>0.05). Both groups had no adverse events related to the treatment.Conclusion：The treatment of suture dragging and catheter drainage has advantages such as shorter healing time， lesser damage of sphincter， and lower postoperative pain.