Through comparing different editions of the nationwide standardized Fundamentals of Chinese Medicine, this paper analyses the the development of “Liver governs free flow of Qi” theoretical framework. It can be concluded that this theory was derived from clinical treatment method “soothing liver and relieving stagnation”, that western medicine knowledge and Ming-Men theory lay the basis for its reconstruction and that yin-yang and five-phase theory provides method for its development. It is a new theory based upon TCM theories and western medicine system. Through the construction progress of this theory, it could be acknowledged that the development of TCM need new method, clinical experience and creative theory. This is beneficial for both the viscera theory and TCM theory.