Depression is a common psychological disorder characterized by persistent depressive feelings, and its incidence increased year by year and its recurrence rate is high. In recent years, the research on the etiology of depression has made certain progresses. Hippocampus formation is closely related to emotion and cognition response. In recent years, the relationship between the morphology and ultrastructure of hippocampus and the changes of ultrastructure and depression have drawn increasing attention. Hippocampal neurons atrophy, variation and death of the hippocampus have been found in animals with depression, which were accompanied by regeneration dysfunction. Besides, there are more and more studies have confirmed that the variation and low activity of the hippocampus are the pathogenesises of depression. In treating depression, Chinese medicine has the advantage of with seldom side effects and excelled in syndrome differentiation. At present, the mechanism of anti depression of Chinese medicine is not clear, especially about its effect on the morphology and ultrastructure of the hippocam, which were mainly based on animal experiments. This article analyzed literature in recent years and discussed the effects of Chinese medicine on depression from following aspects: the impacts of traditional Chinese medicine compound, Chinese medicine, herbal extracts, acupuncture, electro acupuncture on the structure of the hippocampus.