On the basis of the property and flavor(PF)and major clinical effectiveness and functions of Semen Pharbitidis(SP)，the corresponding effectiveness evaluation system on the PF pharmacology was established，to carry out the work on the PF pharmacology for chemical split fractions(CSFs)from SP，to find out the correlation between the different flavors and different CSFs，to pinpoint the flavor ascription of the each CSF，and to clarify the flavor material basis of SP.The above work will provide the scientific evidence for the verification of the new assumption on the theory of property and flavor of traditional Chinese medicine(TCMPF theory)，namely ‘one herbal contains X flavors and Y properties(Y≤X)’.Methods:Based on the above new TCMPF theory，the composite pharmacology indexes including diuretic，expectorant，laxative and purgative，anti-inflammatory，immune and uterus stimulant effects were taken as a PF pharmacology evaluation system，to study the biological effects of CSFs from SP and find out the correlation between the different flavors and different CSFs.According to the results of the pharmacological study，literature search and cluster-analysis，the flavor ascription of the each CSF from SP was pinpointed from the perspectives of traditional medicine and modern science，respectively，so that the flavor material basis of SP was clarified.Results:The experimental results indicated that the two polysaccharides and fatty oils from SP possessed obviously urine output increasing，expectorant and large intestine peristaltic rate increasing effects，where polysaccharides presented the very significant effects; the other two CSFs phenolic acids and resin glycosides possessed obvious gastric emptying promoting，small intestine peristaltic rate increasing，anti-inflammatory，immune-enhancing and uterus stimulant effects，where phenolic acids presented the very significant effects mostly.The result of cluster analysis suggested that when the four CSFs were divided into two classes，polysaccharides and fatty oils were gathered into one class，mainly contributing to SPs diuresis，expectorant and large intestine peristaltic rate increasing effects; phenolic acids and resin glycosides were gathered into the other class，mainly contributing to SPs gastric emptying promoting，small intestine peristaltic rate increasing，anti-inflammatory，immune-enhancing and uterus stimulant effects.Conclusion:From the two perspectives of traditional medicine and modern science，respectively，the flavor ascription of the each CSF from SP was pinpointed that the bitter flavor and the pungent flavor could be splittable; SPs urine output increasing，expectorant，and large intestine peristaltic rate increasing effects may be based on its bitter flavor，the material foundation of which would be polysaccharides and fatty oils; SPs gastric emptying promoting，small intestine peristaltic rate increasing，anti-inflammatory，immune-enhancing，and uterus stimulant effects may be based on its pungent flavor，the material foundation of which would be phenolic acids and resin glycosides.