To observe the effect of Yangyin Huowei mixture on gastric mucosal cells and TLRs signal transduction pathway of rats with Chronic Atrophic Gastritis(CAG). In addition, to reveal the mechanism of Yangyin Huowei mixture in the treatment of CAG from molecular level and protein level and its anti inflammation changes from inflammatory factors.Methods:To randomly divide the experimental rats into 6 groups: blank control group, model group, positive drug group, low dose of Chinese medicine group, medium dose group, and high dose group, with 16 rats in each group. Except for the blank control group, which was given conventional breeding and free access to food and water, the other groups were given 2 g sodium salicylate adding into 100 mL 30% ethanol solution, 1 time a day, each time 3 mL. With feeding on alternate days without water, the establishment of CAG rats model were successfully reproduced. Yangyin Huowei mixture of water decoction of 0.74 g/kg/d, 1.48 g/kg/d, and 2.22 g/kg/d were given respectively to low dose of Chinese medicine group, medium dose group, and high dose group. After 12 weeks, to determine the level of serum IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-β and NOS2 inflammatory factor and measure the original TLRs and downstream transduction mRNA and protein content.Results:Yangyin Huowei mixture can improve CAG and gastric mucosa lesion. Compared with blank control group, inflammatory factor, TLRs and its downstream signal transduction proteins and mRNA content in each group were significantly increased (P<0.05), which proved that the models were reproduced successfully. Compared with model group, TNF-α, IL - 6, NOS2 levels of high dose group were significantly lower, and in positive drug control group and the traditional Chinese medicine dose group, TLRs and its downstream signal transduction proteins and mRNA content also reduced, besides, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). In the comparison among Chinese medicine groups, IFN-β decreased in middle-dose group, and in high dose group, TLRs and its downstream signal transduction proteins and mRNA content declined, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:(1) Yangyin Huowei mixture can improve original sample TLR receptors and their downstream transduction genes and protein level, reduce the release of inflammatory factor by TLRs pathway activation, and thus to treat CAG. (2) Yangyin Huowei mixture can reduce the serum level of inflammatory factors of CAG, and this may contribute to the improvement of CAG.