Based on nearly 30 years’ achievement of the author in Chinese medicine theory, experimental model and treatment, this passage summarized the treatment of ischemic cerebral vascular disease and research progress. Though Chinese medicine treatment of the disease has made prominent progress, there are still some pitfalls and misunderstandings, which are mainly manifested as the differences in etiology and pathology understanding, less recognition in syndrome differentiation compared with disease diagnosis, minor differentiation in micro index specificity, limitation in clinical research design. The author pointed out the solutions are to master the modern medicine, to get familiar with the classics of traditional Chinese medicine, to apply modern auxiliary examination so as to improve the accuracy of diagnosis, and to use comprehensive treatment of TCM, highlighting the advantages of Chinese medicine as well as to improve some scientific research methods to elevate the clinical research. The clinical research on the treatment of ischemic cerebral vascular disease with Chinese medicine should be combined with modern scientific theory, technology and methods. It is also necessary to constantly develop the treatment so as to improve the standard of Chinese medicine in preventing and treating ischemic cerebral vascular disease.