To investigate the neuroprotective mechanisms of Shennao Fuyuan Decoction.Methods:Total 72 SD rat were randomly assigned into three groups: sham operation group (sham group), middle cerebral artery occlusion model group (model group), Shennao Fuyuan Decoction group (SFD group). According to the executing time of 3, 7, 14days, rats in every group were divided into three sub groups. Comparison of all groups were performed based on Neurological Severity Scores(NSS), the volume of cerebral infarction, the expression of HGF and TGF-β.Results:NSS and the volume of cerebral infarction of SFD group were significantly lower (P<0.01), the expression of HGF and TGF-β were obviously higher(P<0.01).Conclusion:Shennao Fuyuan Decoction can alleviate the neurological defects and improve the reparation of injured brain, this neuroprotective effect is probably due to the suppression of inflammatory and promotion of HGF and TGF-β expression．