To observe the clinical effect and the mechanism of Jianpi Shengxue Granule in the treatment of elderly patients with iron deficiency anemia. Methods:Eighty elderly patients with iron deficiency anemia who meet with inclusive criteria were selected and randomly divided into two groups, namely the control group (32 patients) with Funaide oral liquid and the treatment group (48 patients) with Jianpi Shengxue Granule. The efficacy was observed after 30 days in two groups. Results:The total effective rate of treatment group was better than that of control group (P<0.05). The RBC, Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC, serum iron and TIBC were obviously improved after the treatment compared with those before treatment (P<0.05) but without significant difference between the two groups after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion:Jianpi Shengxue Granule may have good cure effect on iron deficiency anemia in elderly patients and it is worthy of clinical use.