Syndrome and disease combination is the essential point of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and clinical research.Disease and syndrome can all be interpreted from a broad and narrow sense.The relationship of them is both simple and complex.In clinical treatment,the primary and secondary symptom,syndrome and disease should be firstly differentiated,as well as their developing stage,then treat in successive orders.When doing clinical evaluation or TCM syndrome score,the combination of disease and symptom,symptom and syndrome,or disease and syndrome should be chosen.Besides,during scientific research,the balance among various factors induced by broad and narrow sense of disease and syndromes should be paid with special attention,and extract any bias.Analyzing the disease,syndrome,symptoms and their indexes can help in discussing the clinical characteristics of medication and treatment and the inner relationship between TCM syndrome and western examination.