To observe the effect of Acupotomy therapy on pain and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis,and the biomechanical balance and inflammatory factors of Acupotomy mechanism.Methods:During January 2014 to October 2015,total 60 knee osteoarthritis cases in department of acupuncture,orthopaedics and in-patient of our hospital were divided into into Acupotomy group and control group according to visiting sequence numbers and single blind randomized digital table method,each group with 30 cases.Patients in control group received sodium hyaluronate injection into the knee joint cavity,Acupotomy group treated by Acupotomy therapy based on the control group’s treatment.Pain visual simulation score (VAS) was used to evaluate of Acupotomy therapy’s effect on pain,and the quality of life table (36 items short form health survey scale,the SF 36) was used to assess the life quality of the patients after treatment.Through the measurement of femoral angle,tibial angle,femoral and tibial angle,LT/LP value (value of patella and patellar ligament length (LT) maximum diagonal length (LP) ratio) and LT/HI (the ratio of patellar ligament length (LT) and tibial notch height (HI)),Acupotomy treatment of knee joint biomechanics balance effect was observed.Combined with the detection of articular cavity effusion tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha),the synergy of the mechanism of Acupotomy treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee was observed.Results:The VAS score in acupotomy group became significantly lower after the treatment (t＝-9.063 P=0.001<0.05).Compared with the control group,the VAS score of Acupotomy group was significantly lower (t＝-7.811 P=0.003<005).After treatment,the SF-36 scale scores in 8 dimensions of acupotomy group significantly improved,compared with the score before treatment of acupotomy group and the score of control group after treatment,the differences were significant (P<0.01).There were no significant differences on femoral angle,tibial angle and femoral tibial angle measurement between the two groups before and after the treatment (P>0.05).The LT/LP value and LT/HI values in Acuptomy group improved significantly after the treatment (P<0.05); while the control group showed no significant changes (P>0.05).Compared with the TNF-alpha expression of control group (5.242±4.37) pg/mL,the TNF-alpha expression of Acupotomy group (34.25±3.83) pg/mL was lower after treatment (t＝-2.54,P=0.01<0.05).The TNF-alpha expression of acupotomy group after treatment (34.25±3.83) pg/mL was lower than those before treatment (101.35±6.44) pg /mL,(t＝3.14,P=0.000<0.05).Conclusion:Acupotomy treatment for knee osteoarthritis can help loose adhesions,eliminate contracture,recovery the biomechanical balance of knee and reduce inflammation,relieve pain and improve the quality of life.