Comprehensive analysis of the four examinations and treatment based on syndrome differentiation are the basic methods and unique feature of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment. Modern imaging is the extension and development of the inspection. The syndrome involved in the different stages of disease is the basis of pathophysiology or/and pathological anatomy changes, and may be the basis of correlation between TCM syndromes and medical imaging. It is of great significance to explore and clarify the correlation between TCM syndromes and medical imaging diagnosis criteria, the value of diagnosis and effect evaluation, the physiological and pathological basis and to construct TCM syndrome imaging system in promoting TCM and modern science and technologic theory and practical convergence, as well as in improving clinical diagnosis and treatment.