The research on the mechanism of preventing and treating osteoporosis has become a widely discussed topic in recent years.We searched relevant literatures in recent years at home and abroad in term of Chinese medicine in the treatment of osteoporosis,so as to explore the mechanism of Chinese medicine for the treatment of osteoporosis.Combining the theory of Chinese medicine and modern medicine research methods,we founded that the methods of promoting kidney and tonifying bone,invigorating the spleen and stomach,coursing liver qi and resolving depression,activating blood and removing blood stasis based on Chinese medicine can influence bone cell proliferation and apoptosis,regulate signal pathway and body hormone levels,improve bone structure so as to achieve the purpose of treating osteoporosis,which provided evidence for the Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.