The increasing incidence of female menopausal cardiovascular disease is closely related to the decline of the levels and hypofunction of estrogen.As an important steroid hormone,estrogen has widely distributed targets and complex biological effects.It enrolls in the regulation of the functions of multiple organs and systems.Estrogen or estrogenic compounds exert their biological effects through the non-genomic and genomic pathways via the typical estrogen receptor (ER) α and ERβ or G protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER).The research of estrogen on cardiovascular system via ER pathway and its mechanisms will present as an important reference for the clinical treatment of female menopausal cardiovascular disease.This paper will discuss mainly on the role and its mechanisms of estrogen or estrogenic compounds on cardiovascular system.