To observe the curative effects of Taohong Four Ingredients Decoction combine with filiform-fire needle for primary dysmenorrheal.Methods:Total 86 patients with primary dysmenorrheal were randomized into 2 groups:Taohong Four Ingredients Decoction combine with filiform-fire needle group (the treatment group,n=43),and effervescent aspirin (control group,n=43).The treatments of the two groups were divided into treatment period (1-3 menstrual cycles) and follow-up period (4-6 menstrual cycles).Patients in the control group received effervescent aspirin,0.5 g/time,3 times/d,and the medicine was taken from 5 days before the first day of menstruation until 1 day after menstruation.Patients in the control group received Taohong Four Ingredients Decoction combine with filiform-fire needle (1.Took Taohong Four Ingredients Decoction from 5 days before the first day of menstruation until 1 day after menstruation.2.filiform-fire needle was performed at 5 days before menstruation began until after menstruation 1 days).Degree of dysmenorrhea score(VAS) was recorded from 1-6 menstrual cycles before and after treatment,and levels of serous of PGF-2 and PGE-2a were detected as well as hemorheology.Results:The VAS score of the two groups decreased at the 2nd menstrual cycle compared with the 1 st menstrual cycle (P<0.05＝).VAS scores of the two groups showed a decreasing trend at 3rd and 4th menstrual cycles; The 5th and 6th menstrual cycles VAS score rebound and became higher than the 4th menstrual cycle(P<0.05＝).VAS scores of the treatment group were always lower than the control group during the 1 st to 6th menstrual cycles.Whole blood viscosity,plasma viscosity,whole blood reduced viscosity,fibrinogen and hematocrit of the treatment group were better than the control group(P<0.05＝),PGE-2 in treatment group was higher than control group,PGF2α,PGF2α/PGE-2 in treatment group lower than the control group(P<0.05＝) Conclusion:Taohong Four Ingredients Decoction combined with filiform-fire needle has significant short-term and long-term analgesic effect in treating primary dysmenorrhear.The mechanism may be related with improving the blood circulation and regulating prostaglandin.