To evaluate the efficacy of Chinese medicine(CM) on TGF-β1 and ET of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD) systematically.Methods:Six electronic databases, either Chinese or English, were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until April 2016 RevMan 53 was used to analysis the data of the included RCTs.Results:Compared with a conventional therapy used alone, treatment with CM as an additional intervention was more effective on TGF-β1 (mean difference (MD)=-2969, 95% confidence interval (CI)=(-4416,-1521),P<000001, I2=98%, random effects model, 260 cases, 4 studies) and so as to that of ET ［MD=-77, 95%CI=(-1097,-443),P<000001, I2=80%, random effects model, 304 cases, 5 studies］.Both of the difference were statistically significant.Conclusion:CM improved TGF-β1 and ET of COPD. Considering the inherent limitations of the included studies, multicenter and larger high-quality RCTs should be performed to validate these findings in the future.