To study the relationship between the afferent pathway of moxibustion and the response of dorsal horn neurons of the spinal cord, warming the meridians to eliminate stagnation. Methods:There were 40 Adult male SD rats selected, extracellular recording the activity of spinal dorsal horn neurons of L4 by glass microelectrode (discharge frequency), given intramuscular injection of 150 μl 0.01M capsaicin at Zusanli and at 49 degrees for 30 s to observe the changes of different neuron discharge before and after different stimulation. Results:1）Spinal dorsal horn neurons gave response to capsaicin stimulation, which was characterized by excitatory effect.2）49 degrees of moxibustion at Zusanli point and capsaicin injection could converge on the same neurons in the dorsal horn of spinal cord．3）The response of spinal dorsal horn neurons to the 49 degrees of moxibustion were inconsistent with that of capsaicin injection at Zusanli. Conclusion:The afferent pathway and the spinal cord response with high temperature moxibustion were mediated by capsaicin sensitive C fibers and TRPV1 channels partially.