To observe the clinical effect of nerve block combined with cervus and cucumis polypeptide injection in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis disease and to discuss its mechanism. Methods:Sixty patients with LSS who received treatment during January 2014 to January 2015 in Department of Orthopedics were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group (n=30). Patients in the two groups were treated with kerotherapy, traditional Chinese medicine fumigation, waist-lumbar muscle functional exercise, and lying down on hard bed for rest. The observation group was additionally given nerve block combined with cervus and cucumis polypeptide injection and Gujinwan capsules, and the control group was given nerve block and Gujinwan capsules. Seven days were set as a course and patients received continuous 2 course of treatment. JOA symptom scores and clinical curative effect of the two groups before and after treatment were respectively compared. Results:The comparison of JOA symptoms integral in the two groups before the treatment showed statistically significant difference (t＝0.687, P=0.210<0.05). The difference was also statistically significant after treatment (t＝3.672, P=0.001<0.05). The comparison between the two groups before and after treatment also indicated statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the treatment group was 93.34% and that of the control group was 83.34%, showing statistically significant difference (χ2=3.210, P=0.001<0.05). Conclusion:Nerve block combined with cervus and cucumis polypeptide injection in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis disease may exactly treat the affected vertebral body and have direct effects on drug therapeutic targets. It also may improve local blood circulation, inhibit inflammatory substances and relieve clinical symptoms, simple and having good reliance from patient, which is worth promoting.