Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic inflammatory disease,and its pathogenesis is still unclear. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM,including acupuncture) and other treatment methods have unique advantages in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. With the development of modern medical science and technology,many new research methods are gradually applied in pulmonary fibrosis researches. This paper is to study the literature on pulmonary fibrosis by transmission electron microscopy in nearly ten years,and summarize the influence of traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture treatment on the ultrastructure of pulmonary fibrosis,in order to obtain lab basis for clinical medicine application.