Chronic diseases is damaging the health of Chinese seriously and becoming a huge social burden. Therefore， it is a top priority to seek safe，effective and economic interventions and to transform it into an effective power to prevent and treat chronic diseases. Simplicity，convenience，low cost and localism are the advantages of the folk diagnosis and treatment technology with traditional Chinese Medicine characteristics （FDTT-TCM）. Because of its advantages and regional adaptability， FDTT-TCM is suitable for the early treatment of chronic diseases and opens up a new field of chronic diseases management in traditional Chinese medicine. Regulating the operation process and producing high quality clinical evidence are the key issues to promote the FDTT-TCM to prevent and treat chronic diseases as its research foundation is weak now with certain disadvantages. This article described the needs for the development of FDTT-TCM from the characteristics of the occurrence of chronic diseases in China，and proposed ideas and methods to evaluate the efficacy of preventing and treating chronic diseases with FDTT-TCM.