To investigate the clinical effects of wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in treating acute lumbar sprain and the effects on the level of IL-6, IL-10, PGE2, ESR and hs-CRP of the hematological inflammatory indexes. Methods: We divided 124 patients with acute lumbar sprain, hospitalized from December 2014 to December 2016, into observation group and control group in accordance with the random number table, 62 patients in each group. Patients in the control group were given wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy while patients in the observation group additionally took Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on the basis of treatment for the control group. The clinical therapeutic effect, VAS score, the M-JOA score, ODI score, the hematological inflammatory indexes of IL-6, IL-10, PGE2, ESR and hs-CRP level were observed from the two group. Results: There was no statistical difference comparatively between the two groups in ODI score, the level of IL-6, IL-10, PGE2, ESR and hs-CRP (P>0.05). After treatment, the VAS, M-JOA, ODI score, the level of IL-6, IL-10, PGE2, ESR and hs-CRP of the observation group were lower than the control group. There were statistical differences comparatively between the two groups in VAS, M-JOA, ODI score, the level of IL-6, IL-10, PGE2, ESR and hs-CRP (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group (90.32%) was obviously higher than that of the control group (75.81%) in treatment, there were statistical differences between the two groups (P<0.05) comparatively. The rate of adverse reactions of the control group was 3.23% and the observational group was 6.45%, so there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction can treat acute lumbar sprain by improving microcirculation, dilate peripheral blood vessels, strengthen tissue aerobic metabolism, boost the metabolism of inflammatory mediators and lower blood inflammatory indexes. It is worthy of clinical application for that it can relieve flank pain as well as it has less adverse reactions.