To explore the therapeutic effects of Bushen Tongdu capsule on early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its effects on serum inflammatory factors.Methods:A total of 70 patients with early RA were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group，with 35 cases in each group.The control group was treated with methotrexate tablets and leflunomide tablets，and the observation group was treated with Bushen Tongdu capsule on the basis of control group.Both groups were treated continuously for 6 months.The clinical efficacy of 2 groups were evaluated.The changes of TCM symptoms and 28 joint disease activity scores (DAS28) in the 2 groups were observed.The changes of serum C-reactive protein (CRP)，rheumatoid factor (RF) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)，and serum inflammatory factor in the 2 groups were compared.Results:The total effective rate of observation group was 88.57%，which was significantly higher than 68.57% of control group (P<0.05); Compared with that before treatment，the TCM symptoms integral and the DAS28 score after treatment were significantly decreased in the 2 groups，and observation group was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01); Compared with that before treatment，the levels of ESR and serum CRP and RF after treatment were significantly decreased in the 2 groups.And the observation group was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01); Compared with that before treatment，the level of serum IL-17 after treatment was significantly decreased in the 2 groups，and observation group was significantly lower than control group (P<0.01).The levels of serum IL-10 and TGF-β1 in the 2 groups were significantly increased，and observation group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.01).Conclusion:Bushen Tongdu capsule with anti-rheumatic drugs can regulate the levels of serum inflammatory factors in patients with early RA，inhibit its autoimmune inflammatory response，and significantly improve the clinical symptoms of patients，with significant curative effects.