To observe the effectiveness and safety of Jianpishengxue Granule in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) of children, adults and pregnancy in the real world. Methods:A case series study was conducted for treating IDA. 1000 cases from 34 hospitals from September 2015 were planned to enroll in this study, including 600 cases in pregnancy group, 150 cases in children group and 250 cases in adult group. All of the patients were given Jianpishengxue Granule for 1 month in accordance with the drug instructions. Routine blood test, liver and kidney function tests were carried out before treatment. TCM syndrome score and adverse reactions were recorded before and after the treatment. Results:A total of 1 055 cases were enrolled competitively while there were only 1011 cases (623 cases in pregnancy group, 130 cases in children group, 258 cases in adult group) which were evaluate, due to 3, 24, and 17 cases were dropped out in pregnancy group, children group and adult group respectively. After 1 month' treatment, in addition to the children's group, MCHC, Hb, MCH, MCHC, RBC, HCT and MCV of all cases were significantly higher than that before treatment (P<0.05). The reduction rate of total TCM syndrome score of pregnancy group, children group, and adult group were 78.87%, 74.02% and 77.12% respectively. And there was no significant difference between the three groups (P>0.05). The total effective rate was 96.15, 93.08 and 92.64% respectively, and there was no significant difference between the three groups (P>0.05). Through stratified comparison with the pregnancy group, no significant differences were founded in the patients between ineffective after treatment of the other anemia drugs, which could not be tolerated after treatment with the other anemia drugs, and the initial treatment of patients. The incidence of adverse reactions in all groups was less than 8%, and no case of liver and renal dysfunction occurred. And there was no significant difference between the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion:1 month treatment of Jianpishengxue Granule may achieve a good curative effect and safety.