To observe the efficacy and safety of Gu's surgical treatment “catheter drainage with negative Pressure suction” in deep anorectal abscess. Methods:A Cohort study was conducted among patients with deep anorectal abscess in Longhua hospital and Wenzhou central hospital(from January 2015 to December 2015). There were in total of 59 cases. Patients were divided in to treatment group (29 cases, average age 38.86, male/female 26/3) which was treated with “catheter drainage with negative Pressure suction” method, and control group (30 cases, average age 43.3, male/female 26/4) which was treated with incision-thread-drawing method. To observe the general situation, imaging, abscess, IO, healing rate, healing duration, relapse as well as fistula formation. Results:Total effective rate of the treatment group and control group is 51.7% and 46.7% respectively, duration 32.8 d and 43.1 d (P<0.05), recurrence rate 13.8% and 23.3%, fistula occurrence rate 48.3% and 53.3%, ratio of complicated fistula 24.1% and 36.7%, and Wexner score 0.48 and 1.67 (P<0.05). Conclusion:Gu's treatment “Catheter drainage with negative pressure suction” is effective and safe. Compared to rational method, it has a shorter healing duration which helps anorectal function recovery.