To explore the origin, connotation and definition of “Shanghuo” and research ideas, methods and significance. Methods:Ancient and modern literature related to “Shanghuo” and epidemiological data were collected and analyzed. Results:Fire-heat theory of Chinese medicine has a long history and has many theories, but the term “Shanghuo” came late, scattering in the ancient works of herbal medicine and medical records. Chinese medicine has certain advantages in the prevention and treatment of “Shanghuo”. This paper raised the concept of “Shanghuo”, and the research methods of the pathogenesis, the prevention and treatment of “Shanghuo” were put forward. Conclusion:Systematic research on Shanghuo is conducive to the development of Chinese medicine and is of great significance to improve people's health.