To observe the clinical effect of “No.1 Decoction for Renal Failure” on treating chronic renal failure. Methods:All of 146 patients were took “No.1 Decoction for Renal Failure” orally for more than one month, and then self-control study was used to observe the major related symptom integrals and changes in blood creatinine before and after treatment. Results:After treatment, the clinical symptom and blood creatinine of the patient decreased significantly. A total of 27 cases (18.9%) had marked effective, and 50 cases (35.0%) had effect. 42 cases (29.4%) were stable, and with 24 cases (16.7%) without effect. Conclusion:“No.1 Decoction for Renal Failure” has better clinical outcomes.