“Harmonization treatment method” roots in the “harmony” of Chinese traditional culture, and it is one of the clinical common treatment method, including “reconciliation method” and “regulating method”. Primary liver cancer is the malignant tumor with high morbidity and fatality rate. The pathological features of primary liver cancer were summarized as incoordination between the liver and the spleen, disorder of qi and blood and imbalance of yin and yang according to the physiological characteristics of liver. Combining with the related representative formula and modern research, the application of “harmonization treatment method” in primary liver cancer from regulating between the liver and spleen, regulating circulation of qi and blood and regulating between yin and yang was discussed, and further application of “harmonization treatment method” in clinical practice was expected.