To study the short-term effects of acupuncture relaxation on cold-dampness obstruction type scapulohumeral periarthritis and its mechanism. Methods:A total of 118 cases of cold-dampness obstruction type scapulohumeral periarthritis in our hospital from July 2012 to May 2016 were chosen as the research subject. All patients were divided into control group (n=59) and observation group (n=59) according to random number table. The patients in control group were treated with routine rehabilitation exercise, and those in observation group were treated with rehabilitation exercise and acupuncture relaxation treatment. Short-term efficacy in two groups was evacuated and serum contents of pain medium, inflammatory mediators and vascular function indexes were compared. Results:The total efficiency in observation group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Serum contents of pain medium serum, such as 5-HT, PGE2 and SP in observation group were lower than those in control group, and inflammatory mediators such as IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α, GM-CSF were lower than those in control group. Vascular function indexes such as NO and NOS were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture knife release adjuvant therapy in treating patients with cold-dampness obstruction type scapulohumeral periarthritis has certain curative effects in the remission of the disease, and the specific mechanism might be related with reducing inflammatory responses in patients and optimization of vascular function.