To preliminarily explore the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine treatment on end-stage renal failure (ESRF) on non-dialysis CKD5 patients.Methods:The subjects were 50 non-dialysis inpatients and outpatients of CKD5 from Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province,and were divided into two groups including 30 cases of study group and 20 cases of control group.During the whole course of 24 weeks,the study group was treated with western medicine combined with traditional Chinese medicine,while the control group were only treated with western medicine.Main symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine and scores changes as well as TCM curative effects were observed before and after the treatment,and the change of renal function,hemoglobin,serum albumin,serum potassium,HCO3-and other indicators were observed as well as the adverse events and final events were analyzed.The efficacy and safety of those treatments were evaluated based on above.Results:TCM symptom scores of the study group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05),among which the symptoms of chilliness and cold limbs,tiredness and fatigue,shortness of breath and less of words,nausea and vomiting were improved obviously,and the total improvement rate of Chinese medicine symptom of the study group was 66.7%,while the control group was 25% (P<0.05).The hemoglobin and serum albumin of the patients in the study group were increased after the treatment,and the malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) was decreased (P<0.05),which were significantly better than the control group (P<0.05).The serum creatinine level and eGFR in the two groups were both increased (P<0.05),but the comparison between the two groups has no statistical significance (P<0.05).And there was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of adverse events such as high potassium,severe metabolic acidosis,and the final event of dialysis.Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of CKD5 patients (non-dialysis) could significantly improve the clinical symptoms and nutritional status,thereby help to slow down the steps of entering the dialysis stage.It is relatively safe to practice traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of this period.