By summing up the treatment experiences in renal anemia of Professor Li Weimin，the relationships between essence，Qi and blood was sorted out and analyzed in the condition of renal failure. We believe that the central pathogenesis of renal anemia is deficiency of spleen and kidney essence as well as the Qi's cannot changing into the blood. In short, It is reasonable and necessary to use the method of filling essence for improving Qi in the treatment of renal anemia.