To observe the morphology effect of Xiaoban decoction on carotid atherosclerosis plaque and the impact on the osteopontin (OPN).Methods:A total of 100 patients with carotid atherosclerosis admitted in our hospital from January 2016 to June 2017 were included in the study and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, with 50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional medical treatment such as lipid-reducing, plaque-stabilizing and antiplatelet, and the observation group had the Xiaoban decoction on the basis of treatment of the control group.Both groups had 3 months as a treatment course.After the treatment courses, the clinical curative effect, common carotid artery IMT and plaques total integral, and the changes of OPN of two groups were compared.Results:1) The total effectiveness of the observation group was 94%, which was significantly higher than 82% of the control group.The differences were with statistical significance (chi-square=3.25, P<0.05).2) The IMT and plaques total scores of the two groups significantly decreased after treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The improvement of the observation group was significantly than the control group after treatment (P<0.05).3) OPN expression levels decreased in both groups after treatment, with statistically significant differences compared before treatment (P<0.05).The down-trend of the observation group was lower than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:Xiaoban decoction has significant effects on inhibiting and preventing carotid atherosclerosis, and the mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of OPN in the body.